A song about neurons, the brain, and those annoying little glial cells. Created for American University's PSYC-115.002 cl**** (fall 2016) as a pre-midterm present... study hard, guys.

Performed by Jason Sager (http://jasonsager.net)
Lyrics by Jason Sager and David Jangraw
To the tune of Kelly Clarkson's "Since U Been Gone"

From Kevin Ahern's wildly popular metabolic melodies (http://www.davincipress.com/metabmelodies.html).
Uploaded with permission.

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SUMMARY: This movie explains the biology of enzymes. Enzymes are protein catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions by lowering activation energy, playing a crucial role in processes like digestion and metabolism in all organisms. They bind to substrates at their active site, facilitating the transformation of reactants into products, and their function depends on factors like pH and temperature. However, changes in these environmental conditions can denature enzymes, reducing or destroying their activity, making them essential but sensitive players in biological systems.

My hope is that this video will catalyze lots of learning.

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Enzymes LYRICS:
They're the protein catalysts in every organism
ENZYMES!
Through enzymatic action your metabolism's driven
ENZYMES!
In staphylococcus, jellyfish, tarantulas and trees,
They lower activation energy
Enzymes, in you and me now
ENZYMES!

You got 'em in your cells where they do cellular digestion,
ENZYMES!
You got 'em in your mouth and in your stomach and intestines
ENZYMES!
The thing an enzyme acts upon is called a substrate.
They fit like lock and key with complementary shape
Enzymes, speed up reaction rates
ENZYMES!

An enzyme binds its substrate at its active site
ENZYMES!
Bound together in a complex where they snuggle so tight,
ENZYMES!
New bonds will form and break due to the active site's chemistry
Reactants become products, it's the enzyme's specialty,
Product gets release enzyme repeats its action readily
ENZYMES!

Like any molecule an enzyme's shape defines its function.
ENZYMES!
Environmental change that changes shape leads to malfunction,
ENZYMES!
Every enzyme has a pH where it catalyzes best,
a pH change will set enzyme activity to rest.
Enzymes are so sensitive they're easily upset
ENZYMES!

More heat until a certain point increases their efficiency
ENZYMES!
But too much heat denatures them destroying their activity
ENZYMES!
That's why a fever running high's a dangerous situation,
All that heat can alter enzymatic conformation.
Keep it 98.6 for enzyme optimization
ENZYMES!

Enzymes in saliva will break starch into glucose
ENZYMES!
If you lack the enzyme lactase then you won't enjoy milk lactose,
ENZYMES!
Tay-sachs, galactosemia and PKU disease,
All caused by inherited enzyme deficiencies
ENZYMES, they're what everybody needs
ENZYMES!

This dynamic music video describes how the Calvin cycle, also called the light-independent reactions, uses carbon dioxide from the air, enzymes, and ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to produce the three carbon sugar G3P, the building block of glucose. The three phases of the Calvin cycle: Carbon Fixation, PGA Reduction, and the Regeneration of RuBP are described in rhyme. Keywords are spelled out to reinforce science terminology. Suitable for high school and higher ed students.

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SUMMARY: This video teaches about the process of mitosis. Mitosis is a process of cell division where a single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It consists of several stages—prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase—followed by cytokinesis, ensuring equal distribution of chromosomes to each new cell.

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LYRICS
Interphase is cell division's longest part,
nuclear membrane's intact as it starts,
The cell's growing, cytoplasm flowing,
chromosomes get duplicated, DNA gets replicated

Chromosomes are spread out so they can't be seen distinctly
But note the nucleolus, the ribosome factory
Outside the nucleus are two centrosomes,
They later make a spindle which will pull apart the chromosomes.

Prophase follows, the chromosomes condense,
Each is made of two sister chromatids, (looks) like an "X"
Each sister is a clone, the closest of kin,
And a centromere connects them like siamese twins,

The nucleolus disappears it melts away,
as the cell takes a ribosome production holiday,
the centrosomes separate, start spindle formation
for separating chromatids and cell elongation.

CHORUS
Mitosis, chromosomal ride
Inter-, pro-, meta-, ana-, telophase, divide
Eukaryotes go from one cell to two,
Mitosis, how cells renew.

In late prophase --prometaphase,
The nuclear membrane disintegrates,
The centrosomes migrate to the cell's opposing sides,
And between them the fibers of the spindle wend and wind,

The spindle's made of microtubule fibers which attach
to chromosomes at kinetochores, a protein patch
that serves like a handle that the fibers can grasp,
When they pull apart the chromosomes, splitting them in half,

The spindle moves the chromosomes with nudges so fine,
Into linear formation on the 50 yard line
A location equatorial defining metaphase,
where the chromosomes are lined up on that middle place

CHORUS

The spindle fibers pull on the kinetochores,
A cellular molecular mitotic tug of war,
The centromere snaps, sisters get separated,
Now these chromatids are chromosomes, they've been upgraded

This snapping separation defines anaphase
The "A" for "apartness", for moving different ways,
Kinetochore spindle fibers separate the sisters
See 'em waving goodbye, calling out "I'm gonna miss ya,"

And the other spindle fibers push and grapple like felons
Makes the cell elliptical like a watermelon,
In telophase membranes form 'round the chromosomes
Which spread out as the nucleoli come on home

CHORUS

In animal cells there's a ring of micofilaments
that form at the equator and they cinch themselves in
Tighter, tighter, tighter, tighter 'til the cell is in two pieces,
Yeah in animals, that's cytokinesis

But it's different in plants in them the cell divides
By building a new cell wall from the inside
As the Golgi sends vesicles with cellulosic goo,
Which makes a plate, then a wall, divides the cell in two

And instead of one mother cell we now have daughters two
Identical twins, kind of old but kind of new,
From your single celled beginning this is how you grew
And for single celled eukaryotes it's reproductive too!

Major image credits (complete image credits available upon request)
1. The video of cell division shown during the chorus is by John Daum and Gary Gorbsky, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation.
2. The image of the mitotic spindle at metaphase and the image of anaphase is from https://wikispaces.psu.edu/display/23.... It is used by permission of the Department of Biology at Penn State University.

Greg Mendel and Meiosis Song. Here is a video I created for my 6th grade science students to help them study.I hope you enjoy. Greg Mendel

Greg Mendel
Greg Mendel

He did it again, so I'm gonna let the beat drop

Greg Mendel

Mendel had a
Mendel had a
Mendel had a


Chorus

Mendel had a garden
There's so many different pea plants
They had different kinds of seeds
Some green and some were yellow
Then he thought, Oh my gosh, different traits
He found heredity, he makes me wanna say
Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh,
Greg Mendel

Chant (Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh) He makes me wanna say

Chant (Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh,) Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh


Mendel made a wise decision when he chose to study peas
They are either really t-t-tall or short, and droppin' low
Mendel crossbred pea plants they were either tall or small
Parent Generation; this is what he called them
All of the plant offspring were tall, tall, tall
He was so surprised he said, Wow, oh, wow
Then F-Generation, pollinated themselves
Tall, tall, tall, Small, But how could that be 'cause
None of the parents were small
Then he checked for other traits
Color, seed coat, and all, and all, and all


Chorus

It's dominant, recessive genes
Alleles control inheritance
Let's set up a Punnett Square
Genetic possibilities
Phenotype is physical, visible
But Genetic Mix is Genotype,
He makes me wanna' say
Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh,
Greg Mendel

Chant (Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh ) He makes me wanna say

Chant (Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh), He makes me wanna say, Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh


Meiosis is where cells will split to end with half the number
Chromosomes for sex cells, egg and sperm pair with each other
Every chromosome is copied, they're held together,

Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, Meiosis 1

Pairs line up the middle then, spread apart
Two cells form with half the number, split apart
Chromosomes are double stranded-not for long

This is all repeated in Meiosis 2
Centromeres split each strand into two
Four sex cells have been produced
Now with a chromosome, from each, first pair.


Half-time Chorus

Mendel had a garden
There's so many different pea plants
They had different kinds of seeds
Some green and some were yellow
Then he thought, Oh my gosh, different traits
He found heredity, he makes me wanna say
Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh,
Greg Mendel

Chant (Oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh, oh) Greg Mendel


Chant ( Oh, oh, oh, oh, (oh my), oh, oh, oh, (oh my), oh, oh, oh, (oh my)) Greg Mendel


Greg Mendel
He did it again
So I'm gonna let the beat drop

Oh,oh, oh my
Oh, oh, oh my, my, my, my, my, my
Greg Mendel

Oh,oh, oh my
Oh, oh, oh my, my, my, my, my, my
Greg Mendel

Oh,oh, oh my
Oh, oh, oh my, my, my, my, my, my
Greg Mendel

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Lyrics:
Contains your genetic code
DNA, a molecule that makes up all your chromosomes
double helix structure, a two-stranded spiral
set of instructions for your cells so that they know
what to do like send nerve signals and make new bones

making proteins from acids, amino
a complete set of genetic instructions is a genome
nucleotides make chains and have three things that they’re composed
a 1. phosphate 2. nitrogen base, and 3. deoxyribose

each nucleotide base is made up from these four:
(A) Adenine, (G) Guanine, (T) Thymine, (C) Cytosine and that’s all
A always pairs with T, that’s the base pair rule
and C always pairs with G, that’s the way they go

deoxyribonucleic
DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid yah
deoxyribonucleic
DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid

These complementary bases, each on opposite strands
You can remember the pairs by the mnemonic GCAT
tightly controlled complex process to make a protein from a gene
It goes transcription and translation: two major steps in the journey
transcription takes information, transfers to mRNA
messenger moves to the nucleus, and onto the next stage
that is called Translation
happens in the cytoplasm, ribosomes read the codons
tRNA makes proteins one acid amino at a time

deoxyribonucleic
DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid yeah
deoxyribonucleic
DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid

Learn more at www.jamcampus.com

Here is a song I created to help my 6th grade students study. I hope you enjoy.

All the life we have seen
Interactions we study
The air, sand, water in a stream
Abiotic that we see
Now trees, animals, you know
They’re all biotic if it grows

Organisms we’ve been told
All same species, young and old
Population-same kind in place
Community-(pop’s) populations in same space
Ecosystems so you know
Nonliving and all that grows

Animals fighting for it all their life
They are struggling so they don’t die
That’s how an organism stays alive
Producers and consumers
Webs and chains, decomposers

Competition for space and food they fight
Predation it is to take a life
And then there’s symbiosis all three kinds
Mutualism, parasitism
Third in chain, commensalism

Adaptations they will thrive
All that helps them to survive
Behavioral to hunt at night
Physical-fur, teeth, large eyes
Organisms have a role
A niche that they do call their own

Animals fighting for it all their life
They are struggling so they don’t die
That’s how an organism stays alive
Producers and consumers
Webs and chains, decomposers

Competition for space and food they fight
Predation it is to take a life
And then there’s symbiosis all three kinds
Mutualism, parasitism
Third in chain, commensalism

Producers and consumers
Webs and chains, decomposers

Mutualism, parasitism
Third in chain, commensalism

Symbiosis interactions at least one bestowed
Mutualism both are happy something gained by both
Parasitism benefits parasite not host
Commensalism, one helped, other neutral

It’s like a lion or shark hunting for a soul
Predation, prey and predator-populations controlled
Competition is the struggle to survive I’m told
Like food, water, shelter, watch them battle

Animals fighting for it all their life
They are struggling so they don’t die
That’s how an organism stays alive
Producers and consumers
Webs and chains, decomposers

Competition for space and food they fight
Predation it is to take a life
And then there’s symbiosis all three kinds
Mutualism, parasitism
Third in chain, commensalism

Producers and consumers
Webs and chains, decomposers

Mutualism, parasitism
Third in chain, commensalism

Animals fighting for it all their life
They are struggling so they don’t die
That’s how an organism stays alive

Here is a video I created for my 6th grade science students to help them study. I hope you enjoy.

Producers make food by getting light Source food for ecosystem Consumers eating the food that’s right We cl****ify vocation

Omnivores thing is to eat it all And herbivores are consuming plants But carnivores meat eaters y'all And scavengers eat all that’s dead

It’s the flow of food Chain goes to the right It’s the flow of food Webs more closely right

Producers will make their food From photosynthesis Makes energy Then herbivores eat that Omnivores eat both it's true Then carnivores consume all that is meat

So we’re following the energy of food Food chain in line for food Arrows who's eating whom
Points to the right that's true Producer, consumer, higher levels to Food webs crossed chains of food Lines overlap they do Food webs show flow of food Producer, consumer, decomposer

Decomposers we do need them right? Breaking down organisms Returns materials back you see Bacteria and fungi too Molds, and mushrooms two major groups

It’s the flow of food Chain goes to the right It’s the flow of food Webs more closely right

Producers will make their food From photosynthesis Makes energy Then herbivores eat that Omnivores eat both it's true Then carnivores consume all that is meat

So we’re following the energy of food Food chain in line for food Arrows who's eating whom
Points to the right that's true Producer, consumer, higher levels to Food webs crossed chains of food Lines overlap they do Food webs show flow of food
Oh oh oh Oh oh oh Yeah yeah yeah Oh oh oh
If it eats first food Primary first to dine in line
And if it eats that food Secondary in line

Then if it eats that food It’s tertiary time And if it eats third food Quaternary defined

Producers will make their food From photosynthesis Makes energy Then herbivores eat that Omnivores eat both it's true Then carnivores consume all that is meat

So we’re following the energy of food Food chain in line for food Arrows who's eating whom
Points to the right that's true Producer, consumer, higher levels to Food webs crossed chains of food Lines overlap they do Food webs show flow of food Producer, consumer, decomposer

A song to help my Biology students memorize the processes of Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration.

A song I made for extra credit in biology cl****! To the song "3" by Britney spears.

Lyrics/Vocals - David Levitz

Want ATP? - Bio Spice
Shepp's AP Bio cl**** 2012
I DO NOT OWN THE BACKGROUND MUSIC, NOR DID I CREATE IT.

⁣The food you eat takes an incredible journey through your body, from top (your mouth) to bottom (your anus). Along the way the beneficial parts of your food are absorbed, giving you energy and nutrients.

Computing – Key Stage 1: Learn key online safety rules together with the Discovery Education Espresso characters. This resource features in Discovery Education Espresso’s Online safety module. Learn how to stay safe and act responsibly when using the internet in school and at home. Please share this video and hit the Subscribe Button





















































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⁣The purpose of the expository writing style is to enlighten or instruct. In other words, it means to present an idea or relevant discussion that helps explain or analyze information. Some of the most common examples of expository writing include scientific reports, academic essays and magazine articles

⁣Worms are members of several invertebrate phyla, including Platyhelminthes (flatworms), Annelida (segmented worms), Nemertea (ribbon worms), Nematoda (roundworms, pinworms, etc.), Sipuncula (peanutworms), Echiura (spoonworms), Acanthocephala (spiny-headed worms), Pogonophora (beardworms), and Chaetognatha (arrowworms).

⁣Grade 8 Mathematics

⁣Grade 8 Mathematics

⁣Grade 8 Science